Lochner v. New York, (1905), was a landmark decision by the Supreme Court of the United States. The Court ruled a New York State law that set the maximum numbers of hours bakers could work per week was unconstitutional.[1] The Court held that the right of a person to make a contract as a part of his or her business is a liberty protected by the Fourteenth Amendment.[2] With few exceptions this included the right to buy and sell labor.[2] The decision was controversial and it made the Supreme Court an adversary to legislatures for over 30 years.[1] Repeatedly, the Court struck down laws that regulated labor saying they violated the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.[1] This was called the "Lochner Era"; so-named for this decision.[a][3]
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